.NET/ASP.NET/C#/VB.NET PDF Document SDK

Adds the specified CSS class to the ListView control. Can be used to (for example) change the style of the control based on the current circumstances, such as changing the color to red if the dataset is currently dirty. Passes the cursor to this control. If the control is off the screen, scrolls the browser until it is visible. Removes the specified CSS from the ItemView control. In a similar manner to addCssClass, you can change the visual state of the control based on the current circumstances. Complements the add and remove CSS class methods. If the class is currently active, this will turn it off; otherwise, it will turn it on. Adds a new item to the underlying dataset. This will make the dataset dirty. Removes the current item. This will make the dataset dirty. Moves to the next record in the dataset and triggers the binding of all controls within the ItemTemplate that are bound to it. Moves to the previous record in the dataset and triggers the binding of all controls within the ItemTemplate that are bound to it.

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* This is even less useful than it sounds. If the string in question contains characters that are required to be used in strict sequence, such as combining characters or surrogates, naively reversing the character order will have peculiar results. But the point here is to illustrate how to add new methods to an existing type, not to explain why it s surprisingly difficult to reverse a Unicode string.

static class StringAdditions { // Naive implementation for illustrative purposes. // DO NOT USE in real code! public static string Backwards(this string input) { char[] characters = input.ToCharArray(); Array.Reverse(characters); return new string(characters); } }

Notice the this keyword in front of the first argument that indicates that Backwards is an extension method. Also notice that the class is marked as static you can only define extension methods in static classes. As long as this class is in a namespace that s in scope (either because of a using directive, or because it s in the same namespace as the code that wants to use it) you can call this method as though it were a normal member of the string class:

QObject::connect( &bar, SIGNAL(writeText(TextAndNumber)), &device, SLOT(write(TextAndNumber)) ); ... } The changes to the TextDevice class are limited to the write slot. The slot, shown in Listing 12-34, now accepts a TextAndNumber object as argument instead of a QString. It prints its own counter value, the received text, and the received number. Listing 12-34. The TextDevice s write slot accepting a TextAndNumber object as argument void TextDevice::write( TextAndNumber tan ) { QMutexLocker locker( &m_mutex ); qDebug() << QString( "Call %1 (%3): %2" ) .arg( m_count++ ) .arg( tan.text ) .arg( tan.number ); } The TextThread class has received slightly more changes, which can be seen in the run method shown in Listing 12-35. First, the signal emitted now carries a TextAndNumber argument here you use the convenient constructor mentioned earlier. The other change is that each text thread now has a local counter, which is updated in the emit call and is not protected by any mutex because it is used in only one thread. Listing 12-35. The TextThread run method now updates a counter and emits a TextAndNumber object instead of a QString. void TextThread::run() { while( !m_stop ) { emit writeText( TextAndNumber( m_count++, m_text ) ); sleep( 1 ); } } Running the application described gives a result similar to the one shown in Listing 12-36. The calls are counted by the TextDevice object while the number of occurrences of each string is counted by each TextThread object. As you can see, the order of the text threads is not controlled. Listing 12-36. Running the text thread application with a thread local counter "Call 0 (0): Foo" "Call 1 (0): Bar" "Call 2 (1): Bar"

string stationName = "Finsbury Park"; Console.WriteLine(stationName.Backwards());

The Where and Select methods used in Example 8-4 are extension methods. The System.Linq namespace defines a static class called Enumerable which defines these and numerous other extension methods for IEnumerable<T>. Here s the signature for one of the Where overloads:

public static IEnumerable<TSource> Where<TSource>( this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> predicate)

3 (1): Foo" 4 (2): Foo" 5 (2): Bar" 6 (3): Bar" 7 (3): Foo" 8 (4): Foo" 9 (4): Bar" 10 (5): Foo" 11 (5): Bar" 12 (6): Foo" 13 (6): Bar"

focus() scrollIntoView() removeCssClass(String className)

Notice that this is a generic method the method itself takes a type argument, called TSource here, and passes that through as the type argument T for the first parameter s IEnumerable<T>. The result is that this method extends IEnumerable<T>, whatever T may be. In other words, as long as the System.Linq namespace is in scope, all IEnumera ble<T> implementations appear to offer a Where method.

Select and Where are examples of LINQ operators standard methods that are available wherever LINQ is supported. The Enumerable class in System.Linq provides all the LINQ operators for IEnumerable<T>, but is not the only LINQ provider it just provides query support for collections in memory, and is sometimes referred to as LINQ to Objects. In later chapters, we ll see sources that support LINQ queries against databases and XML documents. Anyone can write a new provider, because C# neither knows nor cares what the source is or how it works it just mechanically translates query expressions into method calls, and as long as the relevant LINQ operators are available, it will use them. This leaves different data sources free to implement the various operators in whatever way they see fit. Example 8-6 shows how you could exploit this to provide custom implementations of the Select and Where operators.